Energy and Environment
=Pt.ShriRam Sharma Acharya
Development of photovoltaic cells that directly
convert sunlight into electricity was found somewhat expensive and infeasible
in the protocol projects because of the high cost of production and lack of
technology for preserving or transforming the excess storage, etc. However, the
recent progress made in this regard has removed such doubts and made it clear
that this is a viable alternative of electricity generation and that
large-scale production and use of this source will lead to lower and lower
costs and greater returns. Countries like India can benefit a lot from this, as
on an average plenty of sunlight is available here for more than 300 days of
the year.
Some scientific experiments have been
successful in developing solar furnaces that could produce temperatures as high
as 4000 to 5000 ° C. These furnaces are located on mountain top and work on the
principles of focusing intense sunrays with the help of large concave,
parabolic mirrors. While these offer cost-effective applications in large scale
melting of heavy metals for industries, the principle of absorbing the heat of
solar radiations has been successfully used in commercial and domestic
applications for heating water and buildings. The rooftop solar water heaters
(single or cascaded) are being widely used in hotels, hospitals, industrial
plants, etc in many developed and developing countries [1,2] .
Solar heating plants are used in some parts of
USA and Europe for warming the residential and official buildings. For this,
heat of sunrays is absorbed by blackened Aluminium plates and then transmitted
to air or water circulated in metal tubes (pipes) that are painted or shielded
to prevent dissipation of heat. Interestingly the absorbed thermal energy
provided by the Sun is also used in air-conditioning using auto-controlled puff
insulation from sunlight. These puffs are placed in the cavities of walls and
roofs and help keep the extreme temperatures at bay and thus maintain the
building cooler in summer and warmer in winter. A municipal hospital at Kalwa
(Thane, near Mumbai) is designed to have a solar powered 120 tonnes Air
Conditioner. The solar powered housing complex named “ Rabirashmi ” is also equipped with this
facility at a lower scale for individual houses.
Thanks GOD, Thanks Sadguru,
Shiv Sharma
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